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Most people are aware that primates are the closest living relatives to humans. Chimpanzees, gorillas, gibbons, orangutans and other monkeys all have unique characteristics, simply together we are all office of the same social club of mammals, Primatomorpha.

This distinct lodge of primates has evolved in different ways, just their behaviors and even their looks reveal some similarities to mod humans. When information technology comes down to the finer points — sure habits, emotions, reactions and physical developments — what'south the truth almost how similar we are to primates?

How Were Humans and Primates Kickoff Linked?

As a species, we have come a long mode in 25 one thousand thousand years. Evolutionary specialists, starting with Charles Darwin, accept suggested humans evolved from other animals around 150 years ago. This theory was met with indignation by some people, but equally more scientific evidence was studied, the similarities between humans and primates became too much to ignore.

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From familial behaviors, patterns of learning and tendencies to chase for food to their want to provide for others in their group and even show human being-like emotions (loneliness, happiness, etc.), humans and primates take a lot of obvious things in common. Taking it to a biological level, archaeological evidence also shows that primate skeletons look remarkably similar to human being skeletons throughout the diverse stages of development.

Are Our Brains Alike?

Modern human brains evolved to be larger than primates, but our brains are structurally similar to that of a chimpanzee. And we're non just talking about skull shape. Nosotros're talking near cortical areas of reasoning, abstract idea and problem-solving.

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In essence, if our primate cousins had the physical ability to speak our linguistic communication — their rima oris and song cords aren't developed like ours — then they could talk to us most love, heartache, irritation and happiness. They might even have a sense of humor and tell us jokes!

What Other Physical Similarities Do We Have?

Sticking to the physical similarities for at present, one of the most obvious similarities is that near primates tin can walk on two legs, just like humans. Their anxiety are more hand-like, which allows them to more than hands jump and swing through their natural tree-based habitats. They besides utilize their actual hands for many of the aforementioned things that humans do.

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This includes gesturing to others, eating, preparation and fifty-fifty pointing and using rudimentary tools. Equally studies go along into their behavior, we may discover that humans' similarities to primates go far beyond our genetic make-upwards.

Which Primate Is Most Similar to Humans?

In terms of physical characteristics and beliefs, the chimpanzee is the most similar primate to humans. Geneticists say that chimps share about 98.6% of their Dna with humans. This is significantly more monkeys and other groovy apes.

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A report from Scientific discipline Daily found that chimpanzees share 60% of their personality traits with humans too! This includes things like openness (honesty), extroversion and conjuration. Of course, humans and chimps don't accept tails like many other primates, although some humans might agree that a tail would be a pretty cool physical addition!

Who Conducted the Earliest Studies?

Naturally, when humans became more interested — and more convinced — in the similarities between primates and humans, experiments began in a new field of study known as primatology. Many early studies didn't follow acceptable practices to get answers, but science has come a long way, and many ethical studies in recent years have produced some fascinating results.

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Jane Goodall is one of the leading specialists in primatology. She moved to what was then Tanzania in 1960 at the historic period of 26 to larn more about chimpanzees. Studying these primates became her life's passion, and she spent more than 55 years observing their unique and individual personalities.

Did Primates Travel in Space?

Sadly, the similarities between primates and humans are so significant that primates were sent into infinite as test subjects to see if humans could survive the travel conditions. The first primate astronaut, a rhesus macaque called Albert, was sent upwards to an altitude of 39 miles in a rocket send in 1948 and died from suffocation.

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A twelvemonth later, Albert Ii was sent on a similar flying, and the parachute failed. The offset monkeys to survive space travel were Able and Miss Baker, a squirrel monkey and a rhesus macaque, who fabricated it back alive in 1959. They flew at an altitude of 360 miles aboard a Jupiter rocket.

Exercise They Have Emotions Like Us?

Humans convey so much through their facial expressions, and those expressions are seen as uniquely homo attributes to convey when nosotros're happy, distressing, angry, excited and more. Primates don't take the same range or the same in depth meaning for facial expressions, merely they practise take other means of showing their emotions.

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While a chimp's fierce, teeth-baring "grin" is plainly a sign to go away and leave them solitary, a slight grimace with the oral cavity corners pulled dorsum ordinarily shows subservience. About other expressions are vocalized with grunts, shrieks and hoots as well as body linguistic communication.

Will Primates Practice Tricks or Trade for Food?

What better way to bribe someone than with food? Humans are guilty of promising their children nutrient treats as rewards for good behavior, and monkey trainers — and all kinds of other brute trainers — often enjoy bully success using food as rewards during grooming.

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Primates have too been observed to sympathize the concept of using currency in substitution for food. A study at Yale New Oasis Hospital trained capuchin monkeys to exchange silver discs for grapes — but that wasn't all they learned. The researchers were stunned when female monkeys started exchanging sex to go silver discs from male monkeys so they could get more grapes!

What Virtually Junk Nutrient?

Unfortunately, primates seem to accept developed the aforementioned affinity for junk food every bit humans. In parts of India and Africa where fast food joints accept cropped up over the years, wild primates accept been observed rooting through trash to find leftover fries and fried chicken to munch on.

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Like humans, primates also prefer cooked food. In a Harvard written report, researchers institute that chimpanzees sympathize that the taste and limerick of foods change during the cooking process. If given a heating apparatus, they learn to cook foods similar meats and potatoes and appear to prefer it.

Do They Know Correct from Wrong?

The ability to distinguish between right and incorrect is considered to be a concept that is unique to humans and learned in the formative childhood years. Nevertheless, studies similar ane conducted by the University of Zurich show chimpanzees are well aware of what behaviors are appropriate.

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Part of the study showed that if a chimp watched scenes of a baby chimp being harmed past another chimp, it showed signs of anger and defensiveness. Notwithstanding, if the chimp saw adult chimps fighting one another, the reaction wasn't the aforementioned. This showed they knew it was wrong for a stronger adult chimp to hurt a defenseless youngster.

Practise Primates Recognize Faces?

Remarkably, primates have been observed to recognize their own faces when they are handed a mirror and look at it, which is something very few other animals can do. This shows that primates practice have a sense of self like humans do.

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Additionally, primates can also recognize their friends in photos. A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showed that capuchin monkeys could identify members of their "in-group" on a touch screen when displayed among similar looking members of an "out-group."

Can Primates Understand Humans?

And then, we have established that primates, especially chimpanzees, practice indeed experience the earth similar to the way humans exercise. Using like senses as our own, including touch, hearing, odor and sight, they relish food, fun, social interaction with friends and many other things considered "human being."

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Although their mouths and vocal cords aren't formed to speak like humans, they showroom like body linguistic communication and an ability to read human facial expressions and decipher vocal pitch, which helps them understand what we are trying to limited. Many primates have been observed to learn certain words and commands too.

Can They Larn Sign Language?

Among their own social groups, primates use vocalizations and trunk linguistic communication to communicate with each other. This includes hugging, grooming, patting, mitt-holding and fist-shaking. Fifty-fifty more than impressive, they tin can apply body language and sign linguistic communication to communicate with humans. Koko the gorilla is probably the best-known example of a primate that was taught sign linguistic communication.

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She knows around a thou signs and shows a good understanding of spoken English. Information technology is estimated that Koko has an IQ level of upwardly to 95 — the average human IQ is 100. Like many of us humans, she is also a fan of kittens!

What Makes Primates Laugh?

Primates accept been observed to evidence a range of positive emotions, from relaxed facial expressions to bursting into laughter and rolling effectually on the floor! As laughter signals a sense of humour and understanding that something is funny, it'due south remarkable that this trait is shared between primates and humans.

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Chimpanzees laugh when tickled by other chimps, animals or humans. Interestingly, their ticklish spots are usually the same places as humans: near the underarms and belly. Primates accept likewise been observed to laugh when playing, chasing and wrestling.

How Exercise Primates Learn?

Simply similar u.s. humans, the determinative years of a primate'southward life are all about learning. In item, the start five years of a chimp's life are the most important time for learning, and they do information technology through play, copying relatives — especially their mother — and socializing with other chimps.

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Not simply does this learning build on the innate tools for basic survival — finding food, getting shelter and so on — but primates also larn new things that are useful. This includes learning how to utilise new tools to access food and, equally mentioned above, learning how to cook.

Do They Take Playmates?

Man children spend hours running around playing and having fun — and so do the adorable babies of primates. For near animals, playful behavior such as play fighting is a kind of practice for real-life, adult situations.

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Withal, scientists at the University of Pisa discovered that primate babies and young adults play purely for the fun of it and have playmates that aid them form stronger social relationships equally well as amend attitudes toward existence part of a community. Too, like homo versions, primate games have been known to have a competitive border, peculiarly as they offset to go older.

Do Primates Play with Toys?

Primates have been observed to play with sticks, stones and other things in nature. When given human toys, they bask the opportunity to play with them. In a remarkable written report conducted by Kim Wallen, a psychologist at Yerkes National Primate Research Centre in Atlanta, Georgia, rhesus monkeys actually chose gender-specific toys.

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The primates were offered "masculine" wheeled toys, such every bit toy cars, and more "feminine'" plush toys, such as dolls. In full general, the male person monkeys opted to play with wheeled toys over the dolls. Interestingly, the female monkeys played with both kinds of toys.

Do Primates Get Angry Like Humans?

Information technology has been regularly observed that primates can become aroused and irritated, which is a typical fearfulness or dominance response. Furthermore, primates, particularly chimpanzees, are the only species likewise humans that have been observed in studies spanning 50 years to make coordinated attacks on other members of their own species.

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This is akin to starting a war. As with humans, this is often washed every bit a territorial strategy, with predominantly males showing aggression toward males from rival communities nearby. Chimps can also make and use weapons from stone and sticks.

Do Primates Express Control and Calm?

Biologists in the U.Due south. studied primates past using a game of "Ultimatum" and discovered that they share the same disfavor to injustice as humans practise. In the game, where equality prevails over benefits, the chimps would make off-white offers and only accept fine and egalitarian offers from their peers.

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This is ultimately because cooperation benefits them and their wider community. It also shows that given a choice, primates will choose fairness and consideration over resorting to violence, showing that they know when to at-home themselves and when to encourage measured choices and reactions.

Practice They Get Protective Like Humans?

Monkeys do indeed get highly protective. This frequently applies to bones things such as food and environs, including not allowing other animals or rival primates to invade their territory and steal their food. Well-nigh significantly though, it applies to their protectiveness of their young. Developed primates have been known to kill immature primates, either as revenge, an act of cruelty or elimination of a perceived threat.

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Therefore, mothers oftentimes form socially monogamous pairs to protect their young from trigger-happy fathers. In these pairs, the males can mate with other females merely then live every bit a socially monogamous duo with merely one other female.

Practise Primates Similar to Cuddle?

Primates that are classed by primatologists as beingness more "socially competent," such every bit bonobos, use cuddles and affection to calm others in distress. Along with other sympathetic reactions studied in bonobos, this leads to them existence nicknamed the "empathetic apes."

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The findings published in PNAS described footage where immature or teen apes rushed over to their younger peers who were screaming and upset after being attacked — just as human children do. What's more, the bonobos that received comforting cuddles were more likely to emotionally recover from emotional distress more quickly than others that didn't get a cuddle.

Do Primates Pair for Life?

When it comes to choosing a friend or partner, studies from the Academy of Vienna found that primates tin be quite selective. Like humans, they ofttimes choose a partner who shares similar personality traits, such every bit shyness or bravery, and are naturally drawn to the nearly social primates in gild to improve fit into the customs.

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When it comes to pairing for life, however, individual ape species are quite different. Gibbons are monogamous, which ways they pair for life, at least to some extent. Shockingly, there are sometimes instances of infidelity! Chimpanzees, on the other mitt, can be quite promiscuous, leading to the next question.

What About Sex?

With primate beliefs being then like to human behavior in terms of socialization, power struggles and a whole load of emotions, it's not surprising there are similarities in our sex lives. Primates have been observed engaging in deception to go what they want, including the attending of a female person, and sometimes even apologize to the injured party if they cause upset.

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More than importantly, primates don't just have sex for reproduction and authorization. They do it for their own pleasance. Information technology has fifty-fifty been observed that both females and males sometimes seek self-pleasure.

Do They Mourn Like Humans?

Heartbreakingly, primates brandish pregnant signs of mourning when they lose i of their friends or family members. Due to their strong social bonds and their need for a strong community, there'due south an element of social preservation in play, simply deeper than that, primates become visibly upset on a personal level when they lose someone close.

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This is near significant when a mother loses a baby, and it'south easy to come across that she understands that the baby has died. She will continue to behave it effectually and fifty-fifty groom it for a time until she is gear up to say goodbye.

Their Memories Can Fade Like Humans

One element of being human is that no matter what we do to fight it, nosotros know as we get older that we volition experience inevitable deterioration with age. Of grade, primates show physical signs of aging — agonized joints, failing eyesight, etc. — but this as well occurs with cognitive function.

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The University of Kyoto tested the memories of young, five-year-erstwhile chimpanzees using number sequences. They found that the ability to recollect the numbers was much meliorate than for older chimps. This type of remembering is called eidetic retentivity. Similar with humans, it functions amend in childhood and young adulthood and declines with age.

Practice They Have a Hierarchy?

As well as being enlightened of particular ways to act to gain and go on friends and maintain harmony in a group, primates use social skills to their advantage to gain prestige. If primates know what others in their customs want and they act on that, they know they can gain more status.

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In that location is e'er a pecking order in a group with a dominant male at the top, and that highest ranking fellow member gets all the girls and makes the main decisions. His status is usually achieved by asserting aggression. There are often one or more alpha females in a group too.

Primates Get Excited by New Things

Just like human being babies, primate babies are fascinated past the new world around them, and they want to bear on, feel, taste and play with all sorts of things to figure them out — even if it ways getting bitten past some red ants or knocked down past another monkey.

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This excitement for novel things extends to adult primates too, who bear witness significant interest and a desire to explore when shown something new from the human world, such every bit a goggle box or a cool gadget. They will diligently try to figure out its use. This ofttimes comes back to the dear of learning and the desire for social advantage that primates accept.

They Apply Important Learnings

An experiment in the 1960s showed that primates larn cause-and-result concepts. In the trial, a grouping of rhesus monkeys learned that if they pulled a chain, they would become a serving of food. Withal, once a new monkey was introduced to the grouping, he started getting an electrical stupor whenever the lever was pulled.

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In true learning mode, some monkeys discovered a separate chain that administered less food when pulled, but it never delivered an electric shock. Others stopped eating so they didn't risk shocking the new guy.

Are In that location More than Studies on the Similarities?

Researchers are keen to learn more about the finer points of primates' emotional and social behaviors to see just how like they are to humans. A study published in Scientific discipline Daily final year looked at how monkeys communicate threats.

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It described how wild sooty mangabeys fabricated a certain phonation when in danger from a serpent attack. Initially, it was thought this was simply to warn family members, but when information technology was more than closely investigated, the noise was different and was intended to inform wider group members about a potential threat, proving that primates limited selflessness equally well as cocky-preservation.

Can Humans and Primates Be Friends?

Man children tend to take the all-time success in befriending primates, indicating they can see the vulnerability and innocence of younger humans. National Geographic, for example, reported on a immature male child in India, who was accepted into a group of gray langur monkeys.

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Initially, it was thought the male child was teasing the monkeys, but, in fact, lightly tugging their tails and chasing them showed a similarity to the rough play of monkeys. This didn't damage either the monkey or the boy, as they sweetly leapt effectually, chasing each other and jumping on the boy's back.

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